2022-1-26

外销瓷中有一个品类叫奶杯，广彩的有，青花的有，粉彩的更多。但正如维基百科上所说，奶杯不是中国原创，而是来自西方的定制。因为历史上的中国人，除了后来的宋美龄和慈禧太后，一般人是喝不上牛奶的。

广彩奶杯

粉彩奶杯

青花奶杯

• Creamer is a small pitcher or jug designed for holding cream or milk to be served with tea or coffee in the Western tradition. It is an obligatory part of a coffee or tea set, whether in silver or ceramics.

五十年代英国瓷都Stoke-on-Trent生产的素胎奶杯 

可是这种奶杯是什麽时候，又是谁最早发明的呢，号称档桉考据最精的西方博物馆里，也并没有记载。只是知道英国早年一种非常时髦的奶牛奶杯，是十八世纪中期从荷兰传过去的，最早的是金属器，很快就做成了陶瓷的，并传播至英伦叁岛和世界各地。英国陶瓷艺术博物馆里，就收藏有667件各种各样的的瓷奶牛奶杯。

• The earliest cow creamers in England were imports from Holland, made in silver. From the mid 18th century Staffordshire potters copied the idea. The popularity of ceramic cow creamers grew throughout the remainder of the 18th century and into the 19th century. Production spread to include the potteries of Tyneside, Yorkshire, South Wales, and South Scotland, all making creamers in the Staffordshire style.

• The silver cow creamer was first made by the Dutch immigrant John Schuppe in the 1750s. Little is known about John Schuppe other than that he was a Dutch immigrant and flourished in England c1753-1773. His mark was first registered in the UK in 1753, and over the next twenty years, he focused solely on the production of these novelty jugs.

当代英国骨瓷奶杯

奶杯传到中国，再被大规模出口创汇，肯定是在乾隆后期以后的事情了。通常是和茶壶和其它餐具成套搭配的。

乾隆后期外销瓷茶壶、茶盘和奶杯（1795-1800）- 波士顿博物馆藏品

乾隆外销瓷茶壶、茶叶盒和奶杯 (1780) - 波士顿博物馆藏品

在美国大都会博物馆看到了两只带盖的德国梅森白瓷茶壶和茶杯，是刻意彷制的福建德化白瓷配方，造型当然是德国的，虽不是传统意义上的奶杯，可是谁又能否认，这两者之间，多少有那麽点儿传承关系呢。

大都会博物馆藏德国梅森茶杯（1726）

大都会博物馆藏德国梅森茶壶（1740）