席琳 今天周末收拾车库找出来八个诺尔斯（Edwin M. Knowles）的骨瓷纪念瓷盘，是八十年代发行的限量版。
历史上的Edwin M. Knowles（1869-1943），曾是美国第二大瓷器公司，存在的年代是1900-1962年。后来的诺尔斯，虽说也很用心，然而是一家假冒的公司，和历史上的诺尔斯，没有亲戚和传承的关系。
Edwin M. Knowles was born in 1869, the son of Isaac Watt Knowles, founder of Knowles, Taylor & Knowles Co. (one of the largest American pottery companies at the turn of the 20th century). A graduate of Harvard, Edwin took control of Potters Supply Company in East Liverpool, Ohio in 1890. Ten years later, Knowles founded Knowles China Company, which became Edwin M. Knowles China Co; the manufacturing was centered in Chester, West Virginia, but expanded to Newell, WV a decade later. In 1931, the company would consolidate to a single plant in Newell. These two plants, operating at once, helped cement West Virginia’s place as the third-largest state producing pottery in the United States, behind Ohio and New Jersey. Though the pottery was made in West Virginia, the company advertised its location as East Liverpool, Ohio, as exhibited in the 1910 advertisement below. Edwin died in 1943, and the company folded in 1962. In the 1980s and ‘90s, the Edwin M. Knowles name resurfaced, copyrighted by a group with no connection to the original company; this new iteration of Edwin M. Knowles created and sold collectible plates, often depicting scenes from famous films like Gone With the Wind or The Sound of Music.
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|  | | Knowles China Co. in Chester, WV. This plant was taken over by Harker in the 1930s. |
| Knowles China Co. in Newell, WV. In operation from 1913 until 1963. |
历史上的诺尔斯，在西弗吉尼亚州有两家工厂，但不是美国瓷器厂家中最早的，也不是美国骨瓷厂家中最早的。
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后来冒牌的诺尔斯瓷厂声称自己是美国骨瓷中最老的。 |
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历史上的诺尔斯瓷厂的底款曾经是这样的。 |
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| | 历史上的诺尔斯瓷厂的底款也有可能曾经是这样的。 |
The mark on the back shows the maker (The Edwin M. Knowles China Co.) and the shape name (Yorktown) but not the pattern, which is Tia Juana. According to the mark on the back, this pattern shape was first introduced November, 1937 (11-37). (Thanks, Harlan, for interpreting this for us!) Perhaps more interesting, though, it includes Union Made in U.S.A. to broadcast that the china was made by workers who were fairly paid and treated by their employer.
下面这两把茶壶，就是诺尔斯瓷厂鼎盛时期（1939年）生产的：
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