繁体中文  
 
版主:bob
 · 九阳全新免清洗型豆浆机 全美最低
 
1907年列宁斯大林策划抢得银行34万40死亡
送交者:  2017年11月07日12:19:04 于 [世界时事论坛] 发送悄悄话

1907年列宁斯大林亲自策划武装抢得银行34万卢布

  (等值2017年386万美元)致40人死亡、50人伤


    1907年梯弗里斯银行抢劫案,是一起于1907年6月26日星

期三上午十时三十分左右发生在梯弗里斯(今格鲁吉亚首都第

比利斯)的武装抢劫案。在此次抢劫案中,一辆银行运钞车被

布尔什维克劫走以资助其革命活动。银行马车运送纸币由邮局

前往俄罗斯帝国国家银行梯弗里斯分行,途经埃里温广场(今

自由广场)时抢劫者用炸弹和枪支对马车及其周围的警察和军

人进行了袭击。根据官方档案,袭击导致40人死亡,50人受伤。

抢劫者共劫走34.1万俄罗斯帝国卢布(等值2017年386万美元)。


    抢劫案由一批高层布尔什维克策划,其中包括弗拉基米尔

·伊里奇·乌里扬诺夫·列宁、约瑟夫·维萨里奥诺维奇·斯

大林、马克西姆·克西莫维奇·里维诺夫、列奥尼德·博里

索维奇·克拉辛、历山大·亚历山德罗维奇·波格丹诺夫,

动手实施武装抢劫银行首犯 西蒙·阿什基·卡莫 布尔什维克同志

Kamo, real name Simon Arshaki Ter-Petrosian (Armenian: Սիմոն Արշակի 

Տեր-Պետրոսյան, Georgian: სიმონ არშაკის ძე ტერ-პეტროსიანი, 

Russian: Симон Аршакович Тер-Петросян, 27 May 1882 – 14 July 1922), 

was an Old Bolshevik revolutionary and an early companion to Soviet 

leader Joseph Stalin.


From 1903–1912, Kamo, a master of disguise, carried out a number of militant 

operations on behalf of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic 

Labour Party, mostly in Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire. He is best 

known for his central role in the 1907 Tiflis bank robbery, organised by Bolshevik 

leaders to raise funds for their party activities. For his militant activities he was 

arrested in Berlin in 1907 but simulated insanity both in German and later 

Russian prisons, eventually escaping from prison and fleeing the country. He was 

recaptured in 1912 after another attempted armed robbery and sentenced to 

death. The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment as part of the 

celebrations of the Romanov dynasty tricentennial.


由斯大林早年的战友西蒙·卡莫所领导的一批革命者执行。此

类活动在俄国社会民主工党第5届代表大会上被明令禁止,党内

对布尔什维克的行为十分愤怒。由此,列宁和斯大林事后极力试

同此次抢劫划清界限。


    由于警方已知晓钞票的编号,大部分抢劫所得的大额纸币无

法为布尔什维克所使用。列宁试图让一批人于1908年1月在欧洲

多地同时兑现钞票,但这一计划失败,导致多人被捕,事件为

公众所知,并招致欧洲社会民主主义者的谴责。

Related image

  Yerevan Square, scene of the robbery, photo taken in 

    the 1870s  19世纪70年代的第比利斯埃里温广场抢劫案的发生地


The 1907 Tiflis bank robbery, also known as the Yerevan Square 

expropriation,[1] was an armed robbery on 26 June 1907[a] in 

the city of Tiflis in the Tiflis Governorate in the Caucasus 

Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire (now Georgia's capital, Tbilisi). 

A bank cash shipment was stolen by Bolsheviks to fund their 

revolutionary activities. The robbers attacked a bank stagecoach 

and surrounding police and military using bombs and guns while 

the stagecoach was transporting money through Yerevan Square 

(now Freedom Square) between the post office and the Tiflis 

branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire. The attack 

killed forty people and injured fifty others, according to official 

archive documents. The robbers escaped with 341,000 rubles 

(equivalent to around US 3.86 million in 2017).


The robbery was organized by a number of top-level Bolsheviks, 

including Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Maxim Litvinov, Leonid 

Krasin, and Alexander Bogdanov, and executed by a party of 

revolutionaries led by Stalin's early associate Ter-Petrosian 

(Kamo). Because such activities were explicitly prohibited by 

the 5th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party 

(RSDLP), the robbery and the killings caused outrage within the 

party against the Bolsheviks (a faction within the RSDLP). As a 

result, Lenin and Stalin tried to distance themselves from the 

robbery. 

Image result for 25-year-old Lenin

  警方公布红色通缉抢银行策划首犯照片 —— 列宁同志  1895年12月 25岁零7个月

Image result for the tiflis bank robbery in Russia 1907

    圣彼得堡沙皇秘密警察立案存档约瑟夫·斯大林同志信息卡,1911年

Related image

Tbilisi in XIX century, Freedom Square. 19th century. Georgia.

  Yerevan Square in the 19th century

Maxim Litvinov in 1920

         Maxim Litvinov in 1920  

  苏维埃党中央策划武装抢银行第三号人物

           马克西姆·马克西莫维奇·里维诺夫同志

Soviet plenipotentiary in London Leonid Krasin Stock Photo

 Soviet plenipotentiary in London Leonid Krasin

         列奥尼德·博里索维奇·克拉辛   抢银行策划第四号领导同志

Image result for Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov

   亚历山大·亚历山德罗维奇·波格丹诺夫  抢银行策划第五号领导同志

439

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov, philosopher (1873–1928)

A typical phaeton, as used in the robbery

A typical phaeton, as used in the robbery

     列宁在伦敦的抉择: 要不要抢银行闹革命?

           BBC  马丁·罗森堡姆 ( Martin Rosenbaum )   2017年 10月 17日

http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/uk-41651798

Russian revolution 1917 - reading guide

Related image

Image result for The 1907 Tiflis bank robbery

Related image

Related image


Workers strike in 1917 on the first day of Russia's February Revolution in the capital Petrograd, now known as St Petersburg.

Russian revolutionists stand on the balcony of the Tsar's residence near Petrograd.

Around 100,000 people are believed to have taken part on the first day of the February revolution, which began with demonstrations against the war and food shortages.

During the February Revolution, authorities and protestors clashed on the streets of Petrograd.

Armed revolutionary soldiers patrol Petrograd during the February Revolution.

A crowd convenes at a revolutionary meeting in Petrograd.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin gives a speech from the back of a vehicle in a Russian street on November 1 after the second 1917 revolution.

Revolutionary leader Leon Trotsky walks through a crowd during the Russian Revolution.

A Group of Red Army soldiers in Petrograd in 1917.

The Petrograd Women's Battalion of Death defend the Winter Palace.

Leon Trotsky in Mexico with some American friends, shortly before his 1940 assassination. (Public domain)

 苏维埃红军创始人列昂·托洛斯基同志与他的美国朋友在墨西哥,

   1940年8月21日被战友斯大林同志追杀殒命几天前珍贵照片

      Leon Trotsky in Mexico with some American friends, 

                 shortly before his 1940 assassination.

0%(0)
0%(0)
标 题 (必选项):
内 容 (选填项):
实用资讯
北美最大最全的折扣机票网站
美国名厂保健品一级代理,花旗参,维他命,鱼油,卵磷脂,30天退货保证.买百免邮.
一周点击热帖 更多>>
一周回复热帖
历史上的今天:回复热帖
2016: 楼继伟卸任中国财政部长 改革攻坚战失去
2016: 这个贴比较冷静,没有直接人身攻击,也
2015: 加拿大应该放弃Keystone输油管计划 zt
2015: 民国初年宪政失败之因值得再三探究 zt
2014: 1美元=44.9862俄罗斯卢布,莫斯科不相信
2014: 抬轿子为斯德哥尔摩症吹喇叭 z
2013: 为何一面旗子让他们不淡定了?傲慢加上
2013: 全国人大常委会法工委副主任:财产不用
2012: 去毛是胡温的意向?屁!民运的想望和毛
2012: 六四